Internal-combustion engine



C. H. KNUDSEN.

iNERNAL COMBUSTIQN Emmi.

MPLICATlOH' FlLED MAY 7. 1.919.

atentedept. 21, 32920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

.lrdlguns gi 55u52 .Juive RAM TTOR

C. H. KNUDSEN.

INTERNAL CDMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY |919. 1,353,481, Panasept. 21,1I920.

. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTR CJ I BY .n Wm.,

ATTORN EYS H. KNUDSEN.

{NTERNAL COMBUSION ENGINE.

APPLICA'HON .FILED MAY ma.

llt STATES /CRL H. KNUDSEN, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

NTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept.

Application filed May 7, 1919. Serial No. 295,385.

7 useful improvements in Internal-Comv s, of which the following is a such as -will enable those art to which it apnertains to the same.

tion reiates to internal combusand particularly to what are g 1, h. 1 h. h .is tuei on engines oA t 1s c ass w 1c r'ned to be used for marine purposes; l

he object ot the invention is to so con- `le en ine as to produce low compresn speed and also to simplify the or the engine thus reducing the nainuiiacture of the same; a furf et of the invention being to prol l.-"-type engine having a tion chamber and one of the fr adapted to act as an eX- the other or opposite cylan intake or scavenger port; er object being to provide the i chamber of the engine with an ernai hot tube having a large heat radiatcirruinierence, and which is so coni'cuctcfl as to permit the tree expansion and ontraction thereof and which will produce pr er combustion of the fuel mixture charged into the combustion chamber; and

it? S with nose and other objects in view the invention consists in an engine of the class and or the purpose speciechconstructed and i nen.

The invention is fully disclosed in the following' a `ziiication, of which the accompanying drawings form a part, in which the separate p y improvement are designated by suitable reference characters in each of the views., and in whic Figure 1 is perspective section ot' my improved engine. the section being on the line 1--1 ot 2,'

2 a side vien of me engine looking in the direction or" the arrow 2 of Fig. 1;

' 3 a partial section on the line 3-3 of dfr vrammatic View of the gear i fh i employ;

o 'a detail vi W a hot tube which 'consti-u L" e ig.

l employ, with part oi' the construction broken away and in section; and,

Figs. 7 and 8 are detail sectional views of a modified form of hot tube and cylinder head construction.

In Figs. 1 to 4: inclusive, I have diagrammatically illustrated four cylinders or two sections of my improvedengine and have shown at 10 the main shaft thereof, and at 11 and 12 crank shafts arranged on opposite sides of the main shaft. Mounted centrally of the main shaft is a large gear 13 having two gear faces 13a-13", the teeth of `which are arranged at different angles and tivo smaller gears 14 and 15 are mounted on the shafts 11 and 12 and eachprovided with tivo gear faces 14a-14b, 15--15b, the teeth oi: which are arranged in the same manner as the teeth of the gear faces 13H-13h and are adapted to operate in connection therewith, and the gears 13, 14 and 15 are preferably inclosed'in a. housing 16.

The engine as shown in the drawing comprises two sets of V-type cylinders. each set of which comprises cylinders 17 and 18 joined or connected at the top by a cylinder head 19, and connected With the bottom oi the cylinders 17 and 18 respectively are crank cases 20 and 21 through which the crank shafts 11 and 12 pass.

The cylinders 17 and 18 are provided with Water jackets as shown at 22 through which Water for cooling purposes is adapted to pass, said Water being supplied to said Water jackets through pipes 23 and discharged therefrom through pipes 24, as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The cylinder 17 is provided With an air chamber or jacket 25 placed in communication with the crank case 20 as shown at 26, ard r `i'vommunication with the crank case 21 tlm yh by-l pass tube 27 having air inlet controlling valves 28.

The cylinder 17 forms the intake or scavenger port of the engine, said cylinder he ing placed in communication with the crank Aases .20-21 and the chamber or jacket through ports or passages 29, and the cylinder 18 forms the exhaust port through which combustion products may pass out into and through an exhaust manifold 30 through ports or passages 31.

lt will he noted that the sha?L 1U is supported centrally between The ci, al; cases 2O and 21 in bearings 32, while the ci, lr

11 and 12 are mounted in hearings in the crank cases 20 und Q1, and one end of the shaft 12 is provided with on air compressor mechanism 34 et the usual or any preferred form and construction, while the opposite ends of the crank shaft 11 are provided with iuel oil vpumps 35 which are also made of the usual or any preferred construction.

Mounted in each of the cylinder heads 1 9 are approximately if-shaped hot 4tube devices 36 shown in detail in Fig. G, and coniprisingev downwardly directed tube 5T and upwardly und outwardly directed tubes 38. All of seid tubes are connected with e. Y- coupling 39 und the upper ends of the tubes 38 extend outwardly through the opposite sides of the cylinder heed 19 es shown at 40 and are secured to said head in any c esired manner. ln Fig. .l of the dra-wing; l have diagrammaticully indicated et .All a burner device which is designed to heat the hot tube device 3,6 in starting;` the engine in the usual manner us hereinafter described.

Connected centrally of the top of the cylinder head. 19 is e fuel supply-device `rl2 placed in communication with the air compressor 34;. through u. pipe Li3 and in cominunicetii'h with one of the oil pumps 35 through a. pipe t, und scid supply device 42 is designed to charge or spray the fuel mixture into the combustion chamber l5 in the lcylinder head 19 at the top of' the cylinders 17 und 18, which mixture is ignited by the hot tube construction 36 in the usuel manner. v

liiovsbly mounted in the cylinders 17 and 18 are pistons 46 and 47 having connecting rods 48 and 49 mounted on the cranks or the crank shafts 11 land 12, es will be readily understood, and it will also be understood 'that while l have used the singular in de-v scribing the cylinder und crunk case construction und the various parts connected therewith, each series of pairs of cylinders will be constructed in the same manner, and while l have shown but two sets of cylinders in the accompanyingdrawing it will he apparent that any desired number or pairs of cylinders may he coupled up end to end end geared in connection with each other in the manner shown and described herein.

The operation of the engine will be readily understood from the foregoing description when taken connection with the accompanying" drawing and the following statement. 'ln the posh/ion of the pistons Lloand Ll? in the cylinders 17-18, as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing, air in the crank cases 2() and 21 is free to pass through the chamber or jacket ports or passages 29 into the cylinder 1? through the combustio'n chamber 45, cylinder 18 and outI through the ports or pessao'es into und through the exhaust manifold 30 vto clean outthe previously charged fuel, und in the upward movement of the pistons s-.4T in the cylinders 17-18 i'uel is supplied to or introduced into the combustion chamber l5 thn'iug'h the devices l2. und said fuel is cour pressed es the pistons continue their upward movement and ignited or combusted by the hot tubo construction 36 thus inorini;r the pistons downwardly into the cylinders, und the construction or locution ot the ports und 51 in suid cylinders will be such that the ports ll will open before the ports 25? to permit the and air to be discharged out through the manifold 30, and this operation is aided by the scavenger action hereinbefore set out.

lt will also be apparent that in the upward movement ot' the pistons, airwill be sucked into the crank cases 20-21 through the vulves :28 and the downward movement of said 'pistons will close said valves automatically and torce the air in the crank cases 2U-2l upwardly into and through the cylinders as hereinbeiore set out.

llly invention produces en engine of the class specified which is very simple in dcsign and construction and cthcient in operation, the internal hot tube construct-ion employed producing: n large heet radiating area which will readily charge the fuel or produce a perfect combustion of the fuel supplied to the engine and also en improved scavenger act-ion which will properly clean out the cylinders and combustion chamber, after each iringr stroke.

In Figs. "l" and 8 ot the drawing l have shown at 50 a modied form of cylinder which may be substituted for the cylinder headv 19, and at 51 e modified form of hot tube construction comprising a ktube or sleeve 52 adapted to pass centrally and transversely through the combustion Chernber in the cylinder head 50 and held in place by rings 54 at the opposite sides of the cylinder head The opposite end portions ot the tulle or sleeve 52 ere provided `with internal ring members 55 composed of tire-brick or similar materiel.

It will he understood that the hot tube device 51 shown in l*`igs. '.7 end 8 will be heated by :i torch or other device in the usuel manner in the startinl of en engine, utter which the heet of the products of cornhustion. will keep said tube ut the desired temperature, this being' also true of the hot tube construction 3G hercinhefore des .ribed, und while l .have shown certain details of construction for carrying; my invention into effect, it will he understood that various changes therein and modifications thereof muy be mede, within the scope of the -appended claims, withoutdeparting from the spirit or" my invention or sacrificing its ad vantages.

Having fully described my invention.,

shafts in eoiinew'ion with the niuin shaft.

5. Ein engine the class described comi prising a plurality of cylinders arranged in pairs, cylinder heads connecting the Se aeylindere in each pair and provi ed ion chamber, a. het tube e coiiieustioiichao oottoni each iii Shaft mounted cent1-ir the ci'eiili cases., crank sha s sides or' said nia n sliart and 'therein7 a main shaft mounted centrally of C Li ed te s through and ope 'ate in l craiil; crises and geared in connection with tue engine and between the cylinders in each Y l, L 1 u the mein short, and a ieliaged het tube oeirj eranir shaits at the opposite sides of the in-iii shaft and geared in connection therewith, and means whereby said crank u@ of ih@ m55 y 'hefte will operate un air Compressor and ing' opinositelQ-f arranged cyl'nders, `giel oil` piii'iip devices to supply comoressed L Qymel ma; mixing l @0mmen* een. fue] oil under pressure to said fuel constructoi mounted iii the oonihust ni chamber ot' the rliirer head.

Y@ hr placed in comiiiiiuicet'iou "itu each of fl? devices.

e: id "-vliiulers, crank cases at the hot-toni All engine of the ciasfs described oomptss *GL O1 Puit plurality Of Cylinders arranged in communiceases irate cylinders. in each pair and provided with combustion chamber7 crank cases at the bottoni or' said. cylinders, a main shaft of the engine, crank on the opposite sides of the and pasgng through said crank mounted on the main shaft and asee` and the other oi' said cylinders visto,

shams niouiiieiL exhaust po main sha-f@- J v ii salu. C) 9 Dese-ige s nioiir 'oiitro the c Vlinders 'are and adapted o one or saie through sai l intake ooi'ts or p2 s and A c with two faces the teeth of out throu@` i iiiders which arranged et dillereiit angles and thiourh sa other mounted on the crank shafts and :i li" -ape each provided with two geur aees the teeth in the co of `which zie arranged at ditl'erent angles,

'e of tie L said hist named gears being adapted to fet te in connect-ieri with the gear on the eli-anii of he Class described coin- Cylinders arranged in l ls connecting the sepaeach pair and provided lr etion chamber. crank cases at said cylinders, a main y#shaft entielly of the engine, lcrank ited on 'the opposite sides lof the main shaft and passing through said Crank r mounted on thc main shaft and ith. two gear i'aeesvthe [teeth of rh are arreiiged at different angles and are ii'icunted on the crank Shafts end ad with two gear facesthe teeth ci Wl ich are arranged at different angies, said iast named gears being adapted to operate in connection with the gear on the inaiii shaft, means for admitting air into the crank cases, and means whereby the air from said crank cases may be passed into one of the cylinders of each pair and outv{vardly through the. other cylinder of each pair. i

8. en engine of the class described comin eoiiiniuix icc;

bla/fed e iid cylinders. erziehen o of said cylinders. a foy-pass wort or passage her il. 1 lor pia@ a l crank in coiniiiunieetion. one sind Cylinders heine' provided with a glui'ality oi intake ports; or ooe i in coniiiiunioftion 'with one the er eases and the other of cylinders i. exhaust ports or passages. pistone mounted 'n said cylinders and adapted to he iaesiige air into of said Yhioug,A Y einiges, a 'ii-shaped hotr tuhe notion mounted in the eonibustioii che i oer, fuel in' ture eupply device conne 'ted with the cylinder heed, and means iter supplying nir and uel oil under pressure to said device.

in engine or' the class described coinprising a plurality of cylinders arranged in pairs, the separate pairs of cylinders beingl Connected hy Cylinder heads having combustion chambers therein, crank ceses at the bottoni of each cylinder, craulr shafts 'prisiiiga plurality of cylinders arranged in .iessiiie- 'tl'iroueh said creek cases. main pairs the sei ai'ate airs ot c linders bein w e, i I l l in pairs, cylinder heads connecting the sepconnected by cylinder heads having combustion chambers therein, crank cases at the bottom of each of said cylinders, means for placing the crank cases of the separate pair of cylinders in communication, means for admitting air to the crank cases, means for passing air from the crank cases into one of the cylinders in each pair and out through the other cylinders, and annular exhaust manifolds around Said last named cylinder through Which the exhaustv passes.

9. An engine of the class described com, prising a plurality of cylinders arranged in pairs, the separate pairs of cylinders being connected by cylinder heads having combustion chambers therein, crank cases at the bottom of each of said cylinders, pipes for placing the crank cases of the separate pairs of cylinders in communication, means for admitting air to the crank cases, one of said cylinders in each pair being provided with an annular air chamber, a plurality of ports or passages for placing said annular air chamber in communication with the bore of said cylinder, the other cylinders in said pair being each provided with annular exhaust manifolds having a common discharge, and a plurality of ports or passages in said last named cylinders for placing the bores thereof in communication with said exhaust manifolds.

l0. An engine of the class described coinprising a plurality of cylinders arranged in pairs, the separate pairs of cylinders being connected by cylinder heads having combustion chambers therein, crank cases at the ports or passages for placing said annular air chamber in communication with the bore of said cylinder, the other cylinders in said pair being each provided with annular eX- haust manifolds yhaving a common discharge, a plurality of ports or passages in said last named cylinders for placing the bores thereof in communication With Said exhaust manifolds, and all of said cylinders and said exhaust manifolds being Waterjacketed. 1

In testimony that claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of the subscribing Witnesses this 3rd day of May, 1919.

CARL H. KNUDsnN.-

Witnesses:

C. E. MULREANY, H. E. THOMPsoN 

